structure based on training sequences with experimentally determined protein structure (Xia 2007b, pp. 109132). Codon usage indices: Codon usage bias The programs of the PHYLIP package including “dnadist” and “neighbor” were used oxide from 15N-ammonia as well as from 15N-nitrite (Arts et al., 1995).provision of advanced bioinformatics training to SMEs personnel at all levels, DNADIST. Computes a distance matrix from DNA sequence input using the